Why do We use Dummy Fill in the Layout Design?
When you deal with the etching process, one big challenge comes from regions with different metal densities. Let me give you an example. In older processes, aluminum was…
Optical Proximity Correction: Applications and Challenges
Optical Proximity Correction (OPC) is an important technique we use to fix mistakes that happen during the imaging process in lithography. It involves making changes to the mask…
Top Most Asked Verilog Interview Questions( 2024)
Verilog is a language we use to describe how digital systems work, like network switches, microprocessors, memory, or flip-flops. You can use it to check if analog and…
Electromigration in IC Design: Tips for Reducing EM
Electromigration (EM) is a phenomenon where metal ions in an interconnect get displaced due to the flow of electrons. You need to consider how this affects our circuit…
What is Parasitic Channel Formation in MOSFETs: Causes and Solutions
Parasitic Channel A parasitic channel in a MOSFET happens when unintended conductive paths form between the source and drain regions due to poor design or environmental factors. You…
What is the Difference Between Multiplier and Finger Concepts in VLSI Layout?
VLSI layout design, both Multiplier and Finger concepts are used to optimize transistor layout for better performance, area, and routing. Here’s the difference between the two: What is…
What is Body (Back Gate) Effect?
The Body (Back Gate) Effect is a phenomenon in MOS transistors where the threshold voltage (VT) of the transistor changes due to a voltage applied to the transistor’s…
What is Zero-Temperature-Coefficient (ZTC) voltage?
Zero-Temperature-Coefficient (ZTC) is the point at which the performance of a transistor becomes independent of temperature changes. Normally, when the temperature increases, we see two main effects: the…
What is the Narrow-Channel Effect?
The Narrow-Channel Effect refers to a phenomenon where the threshold voltage (VT) of a MOSFET increases as the width of the channel becomes smaller. This happens because, as…
Why do we need N-PLUS and P-PLUS in VLSI Fabrication?
When it comes to N-PLUS (NMOS Source-Drain) or NSD and P-PLUS (PMOS Source-Drain) or PSD masks, you might wonder why these are necessary in the process of fabricating…
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